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by Anthony Olszewski
COPYRIGHT 1999
This material is presented only as a description of how I go about working on a system. It is not meant to encourage unqualified personnel to attempt computer repair. In any event, you assume all responsibility and liability for injury or damage.
Last modified:
The modification date refers only to this menu.
What is overclocking? Overclocking is, by various means, coercing the CPU into running at a speed faster than that specified by the manufacturer.
Since there's nothing to lose, I might as well give it a try, right? Other problems are less dramatic, but just as real. The overclocked CPU is sure to generate more heat than its more conservatively paced brethren. A heat sink and fan combo are definitely required for any overclocking project. A heat sink is a small set of metal fins, like the surface of a motorcycle engine, that fits onto the component. The conductivity of the metal and the extra surface area transfers the heat from the CPU and allows it to dissipate. Heat sink compound must be applied directly to the chip so that no air space is between the processor and the heat sink. Air is a very good insulator. An air gap will hinder the transmission of heat from the processor to the heat sink. The heat sink fans do wear out. This is particularly true in tower case systems for here the fan has to work against gravity. At any rate, DO peek inside from time to time to make sure that all is well. To really insure against anxiety and sleepless nights, get one of the special thermostats with an alarm to watch the temperature. For a really industrial strength overclocking operation, consider the special heat sinks available in electronic shops. The ultimate is a Peltier cooler -- truly a miniature refrigeration unit!
Why does overclocking work at all? How can just a few jumpers actually change the
processor?
Alright, I'm crazy! I want to try it. to be continued!
New Jersey Short Stories
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Brand | CPU name- Rated Speed |
Internal Speed [Mhz] | Multiplier | Clock (mem
bus) [Mhz] | PCI bus [Mhz] | P-rating/Comments | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intel/AMD/Cyrix 486 Class | 486DX2-66 | 66 | 2x | 33 | 33 | ||
486DX2-80 | 80 | 2x | 40 | 40? | ? | ||
Cx486DX4-75 | 75 | 3x | 25 | ? | |||
486DX4-100 | 100 | 3x | 33 | 33 | |||
AMD Enhanced 486 Class | 486DX4-120 | 120 | 3x | 40 | 40? | ? | |
486DX4-120 | 100** | 2x | 50 | ? | 2x mode (non-standard) | ||
Intel Pentium | Pentium-75 | 75 | 1.5x | 50 | 25 | ||
Pentium-90 | 90 | 1.5x | 60 | 30 | |||
Pentium-100 | 100 | 1.5x | 66 | 33 | |||
Pentium-120 | 120 | 2x | 60 | 30 | |||
Pentium-133 | 133 | 2x | 66 | 33 | |||
Pentium-150 | 150 | 2.5x | 60 | 30 | |||
Pentium-166 | 166 | 2.5x | 66 | 33 | |||
Pentium -180? | 180 | 3x | 60 | 30 | |||
Pentium 200? | 200 | 3x | 66 | 33 | |||
AMD 5x86 | Amd5x86-133 | 133 | 4x | 33 | 33 | P75+ | |
Amd5x86-133 | 160** | 4x | 40 | 40*? | P100+(non-standard) | ||
Amd5x86-133 | 150** | 3x | 50 | 50*? | n/a (non-standard) | ||
Cyrix 5x86 | Cx5x86-100 | 100 | 2x/3x | P75+ | |||
Cx5x86-120 | 120 | 2x/3x | P90+ | ||||
Cyrix 6x86 | Cx6x86-100 | 100 | 2x | 50 | 25* | P120+ | |
Cx6x86-110 | 110 | 2x | 55 | ? | P133+ | ||
Cx6x86-120 | 120 | 2x | 60 | 30* | P150+ | ||
Cx6x86-133 | 133 | 2x | 66 | 33* | P166+ | ||
NexGen | Nx586-80? | information not available on this processor |
Processor | Overclocked Setting | Comment |
---|---|---|
i486dx33 | 40MHz | |
i486sx33 | 40MHz | |
486dx40 | 50MHz | Possible VLB card problems |
i486dx2/50 | 66MHz | 33MHz external |
i486dx2/66 | 80 MHz. | 40 MHz. external |
AMD486dx2/80 | 100MHz | 50 MHz. external -- The 3.3v version is the best bet |
i486dx4/75 | 100MHz | 33MHz external |
i486dx4/100 1 | 00MHz | 50MHz external (using the 2x multipleir, instead of the 3x) |
AMD486dx2/66 | 80MHZ | 40MHz external |
AMD486dx4/100 | 120MHz | 40MHz external |
AMD486dx4/120 | 150MHz | 50MHz external (Many VLB cards and motherboards have problems with this speed) |
AMD486dx4/133 | 160MHz | 40MHz external (Cooling EXTREMELY important!) |
AMD486dx4/120V | ||
AMD486dx2/80 | (The 5.0v version is not a good candidate, but the 3.3v one manufactured after February is worth trying.) |
Original Clock Speed | Overclocked Speed |
75 MHz | 90 MHz, 100 MHz |
90 MHz | 100 MHz (120 MHz) |
100 MHz | 120MHz (133 MHz) |
120 MHz | 133 MHz |
133 MHz | (150 MHz or 166 MHz, only functions with CPU stepping 'C') 180 MHz, 200 MHz |
150 MHz | 166 MHz, 180 MHz, 200 MHz |
166 MHz | 180 MHz, 200 MHz |
63MHz Intel Pentium Overdrive and 83MHz Intel Pentium Overdrive -- some people report success overclocking these chips. Others state that overclocking does not work and is likely to damage the processor.
The iCOMP (Intel COmparative Microprocessor Performance) Index
Intel's definition of their iCOMP rating system:
"The iCOMP provides a simple relative measure of Intel microprocessor performance. It is not a benchmark, but the results from industry-standard benchmarks measured on well-designed commercially-available systems rolled into a simple-to-use number. It is intended to help end users decide which Intel microprocessor best meets their desktop computing needs. The higher the iCOMP rating, the higher the relative performance of the microprocessor."
Processor | iCOMP Score |
---|---|
486 SX 25 | 100 |
486 DX 25 | 122 |
486 SX 33 | 136 |
486 DX 33 | 166 |
486 SX2 50 | 180 |
486 DX2 50 | 231 |
486 DX2 66 | 297 |
486 DX4 75 | 319 |
486 DX4 100 | 435 |
Pentium 75 | 610 |
Pentium 90 | 735 |
Pentium 100 | 815 |
Pentium 120 | 1000 |
Pentium 133 | 1110 |
Pentium 150 | 1176 |
Pentium 166 | 1308 |
COMPUTERCRAFT |
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